CON LA FINALIDAD DE TRABAJAR EL DERECHO A LA VIDA PROPONEMOS EL SIGUIENTE TEXTO
EL PRESENTE TRABAJO ES EXTRAÍDO DE : http://www.warchild.org.uk/issues/child-soldiers
CHILD SOLDIERS
Child soldier. Some words don't belong together.
It's bad enough that children's lives
are torn apart by wars they didn't start. But when they're forced into fighting
in the conflict themselves, it causes psychological and physical damage that
can often never be repaired.
Every child has the right to go to
school and to live free from violence. Using kids as soldiers constitutes one
of the most horrendous breaches of those rights and it is simply and
unequivocally wrong.
THERE ARE ESTIMATED TO BE 250,000 CHILD SOLDIERS IN THE WORLD. 40% OF
CHILD SOLDIERS ARE GIRLS
Key facts and statistics about child
soldiers
There
are an estimated 250,000 child soldiers in the world today.
It is
estimated that 40% of all child soldiers are girls. They are often used as
'wives' (i.e. sex slaves) of the male combatants.
Many
rebel groups use child soldiers to fight the government, but some governments
also use child soldiers in armed conflict.
Not all
children take part in active combat. Some are also used as porters, cooks and
spies.
As part
of their recruitment, children are sometimes forced to kill or maim a family
member - thus breaking the bonds with their community and making it difficult
for them to return home.
Where are child soldiers?
In June 2013 The UN set a goal to have
no child soldiers anywhere in the world by 2016. There are eight Government
armies listed for the recruitment and use of children and six of them have
already committed to making their armies child-free. In 2012, South Sudan, Myanmar , Somalia Afghanistan and Chad Sudan
Why use children as soldiers?
Children are used as soldiers because
they are easier to condition and brainwash. They don't eat much food, don't
need paying much and have an underdeveloped sense of danger so are easier to
send into the line of fire.
As children make up the majority
demographic in many conflict-affected countries, there's a constant supply of
potential recruits. Due to their size and 'expendability', children are often
sent into battle as scouts or decoys, or sent in the first wave to draw the
enemy's fire.
What are the effects on children?
The effects on children are felt long
after their physical scars have healed and their drug dependencies overcome.
Many child soldiers are desensitised to violence - often at a very formative
time in their development and this can psychologically damage them for life.
Even when they're set free or escape,
many children can't go back home to their families and communities because
they've been ostracised from them. They may have been forced to kill a family
member or neighbour just so they can never go back. Many girls have babies from
their time in the rebel groups and their communities/families don't accept them
home.
Most have missed out on school -
sometimes for many years. Without an education they have very little future
prospects and sometimes return to the rebel groups as they have simply no other
way of feeding themselves.
How do child soldiers get recruited?
·
Some are
abducted from their homes and forced to become soldiers
(a tactic notoriously used by the Lords Resistance Army.)
(a tactic notoriously used by the Lords Resistance Army.)
·
A village may
be forced to provide a certain number of children as soldiers in exchange for
staying safe from attack.
·
Some children
are volunteered by their parents due to extreme poverty and hunger at home.
In
some rare cases children volunteer to join the fight because of ideological
reasons or to avenge the death of their family
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